Around the throne
Rev 4:4 And round about the throne were four and twenty seats: and upon the seats I saw four and twenty elders sitting, clothed in white raiment; and they had on their heads crowns of gold.
Around the throne of God, John saw twenty-four seats or thrones. Twenty-four elders, believed to be twelve for the patriarchs of the old testament and twelve for the apostles.
Elders represented the people of God, especially in the Old Testament. The 24 courses of the priesthood represented all the priests (1 Chronicles 24), and the 12 tribes and the 12 apostles represent all the faithful. (Guzik)
Mat 19:28 And Jesus said unto them, Verily I say unto you, That ye which have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
In Rev 5:8-10, the elders fell down before the Lamb, and worshipped him with harps and song, having with them the prayers of the saints. They were made kings and priests to rule in the Millennium. They represented the glorified, redeemed saints of God who worship continuously before the throne.
They were clothed in white, washed clean by the blood of Jesus and in his righteousness. They were given crowns. They reigned with Christ.
2 Tim 2:12 If we suffer, we shall also reign with him: if we deny him, he also will deny us:
Rev 4:5 And out of the throne proceeded lightnings and thunderings and voices: and there were seven lamps of fire burning before the throne, which are the seven Spirits of God.
Lightnings, thundering and voices represent the awesome presence of God. As when Moses met God on Mt. Sinai.
Exo 20:18 And all the people saw the thunderings, and the lightnings, and the noise of the trumpet, and the mountain smoking: and when the people saw it, they removed, and stood afar off.
Seven lamps representing the seven spirits of God. Seven being the fulness of the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit has been described as a dove, gentle spirit, and as cloven flames of fire in Acts 2.
Rev 1:4 John to the seven churches which are in Asia: Gracebe unto you, and peace, from him which is, and which was, and which is to come; and from the seven Spirits which are before his throne;
Acts 2:1 And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place.
Acts 2:2 And suddenly there came a sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting.
Acts 2:3 And there appeared unto them cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them.
Isa 11:2 And the spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the LORD;
The Holy Spirit is with the redeemed of God, He also surrounds the throne of God. He brings us the wisdom, presence, power and counsel of God.
Rev 4:6 And before the throne there was a sea of glass like unto crystal: and in the midst of the throne, and round about the throne, were four beasts full of eyes before and behind.
Before the throne, a sea, representing water, of glass in appearance. A crystal clear sea. Perhaps this represents the washing of the word of God. No sin or filth may enter His presence.
John 15:3 Now ye are clean through the word which I have spoken unto you.
In the midst of the throne, were four beasts full of eyes before and behind.
Spiritual creatures, angels with four eyes in front and four behind. These are the cherubim, the angels that surround the throne of God. (Ezekial 1:4-14)
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